Using Hard Problems to Create Pseudorandom Generators

Autor: Noam Nisan

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Editura: MIT Press Ltd

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Randomization is an important tool in the design of algorithms, and the ability of randomization to...

Informații despre carte

Autor

Noam Nisan

Limbă

engleză

Legare

Carte - Carte broșată

Publicat

2003

Pagini

EAN

9780262640527

ISBN

026264052X

Enbook ID

09367103

Editura

MIT Press Ltd

Greutate

318

Dimensiuni

152 x 229 x 25

Descriere completă

Randomization is an important tool in the design of algorithms, and the ability of randomization to provide enhanced power is a major research topic in complexity theory. Noam Nisan continues the investigation into the power of randomization and the relationships between randomized and deterministic complexity classes by pursuing the idea of emulating randomness, or pseudorandom generation.Pseudorandom generators reduce the number of random bits required by randomized algorithms, enable the construction of certain cryptographic protocols, and shed light on the difficulty of simulating randomized algorithms by deterministic ones. The research described here deals with two methods of constructing pseudorandom generators from hard problems and demonstrates some surprising connections between pseudorandom generators and seemingly unrelated topics such as multiparty communication complexity and random oracles.Nisan first establishes a precise connection between computational complexity and pseudorandom number generation, revealing that efficient deterministic simulation of randomized algorithms is possible under much weaker assumptions than was previously known, and bringing to light new consequences concerning the power of random oracles. Using a remarkable argument based on multiparty communication complexity, Nisan then constructs a generator that is good against all tests computable in logarithmic space. A consequence of this result is a new construction of universal traversal sequences.Noam Nisan is Lecturer in the Department of Computer Science at Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He received his doctoral degree from the University of California, Berkeley.Contents: Introduction. Hardness vs. Randomness. Pseudorandom Generators for Logspace and Multiparty Protocols.

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Using Hard Problems to Create Pseudorandom Generators

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