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Two of the strategies that governments have to help people on low incomes - providing direct financial support and encouraging them to earn more - generally conflict. This report provides new evidence on the trade-off between redistributing income and improving work incentives. Drawing on large-scale survey data spanning the last 26 years, the report analyses the incomes and work incentives facing thousands of individuals and families, and how they are affected by the tax and benefit system. It: shows how work incentives vary across the population and how this has changed since 1979; estimates how far tax and benefit reforms have been responsible for changes in work incentives; compares these trends with trends in poverty and inequality; examines how various policy options for the future would affect the distributions of both income and work incentives. "Can Governments Reduce Poverty and Improve Work Incentives?" is aimed at policy makers, academics and students in the field of taxation and welfare reform, and all those who wish to improve their understanding of the trade-off between redistributing income and improving work incentives.
